morpheme_key: slumber

morpheme: slumber

morpheme_head: slumber

affix_form: -slumber-

meaning_definition: sleep | dormant | inactive

example_words_list_1: slumber, slumbering, slumbery

categorical_group_list: State of being, Rest

etymology: Middle English 'slumeren', related to 'slumber'


morpheme_key: slump

morpheme: slump

morpheme_head: slump

affix_form: -slump-

affix_type: root

bound_free_or_root: free

meaning_definition: to fall | to decline | to sink | to decline in value

example_words_list_1: slump

example_words_corpus: slumps | slumpy | slumped | slumping | slumpage | minislump

categorical_group_list: Motion, Decline, Physical state

etymology: From Middle Dutch 'slomp' or 'slompen' meaning 'to fall heavily' or 'to slump', possibly related to Old English 'slumbrian' (to slumber) or German 'schlumpfen'.

ancestor_etymon_language: Middle Dutch

etymological_family: other

register: vernacular

attestation: both


morpheme_key: slung

morpheme: slung

morpheme_head: slung

affix_form: -slung-

bound_free_or_root: root

meaning_definition: thrown | flung | cast

example_words_list_1: slung, sling, slingshot

example_words_corpus: slungshot | overslung | underslung | slungshots

categorical_group_list: Motion, Action

etymology: Old English slingan 'to throw, to hurl'

ancestor_etymon_language: Old English

etymological_family: Germanic


morpheme_key: slur

morpheme: slur

morpheme_head: slur

affix_form: -slur-

meaning_definition: to speak indistinctly | to insult | to smear

example_words_list_1: slur

example_words_corpus: slurs | upslur | slurred | upslurs | slurring | downslur

categorical_group_list: Speech, Verbal action

etymology: Middle English 'sluren', from Old French 'eslurer' (to smear, besmirch), from Vulgar Latin '*exlurare', from Latin 'lura' (slime, slime)

ancestor_etymon_language: Middle English


morpheme_key: slush

morpheme: slush

morpheme_head: slush

affix_form: -slush-

meaning_definition: semi-liquid | partially melted | slushy

example_words_list_1: slush

example_words_corpus: slushy | slushes | slushie | slushed | slushbox | slushily

categorical_group_list: Nature, Texture, State of matter

etymology: Middle English slushe, of Scandinavian origin; related to Old Norse sluskinn 'slushy'

ancestor_etymon_language: English


morpheme_key: sly

morpheme: sly

morpheme_head: sly

affix_form: -sly-

meaning_definition: cunning | deceitful | shrewd

example_words_list_1: sly, slyness, slyly

example_words_corpus: slyly | unsly | slyish | slyness | slyboots

categorical_group_list: Behavior, Intelligence

etymology: From Old English 'slic' meaning 'cunning, deceitful', of Germanic origin.


morpheme_key: smack

morpheme: smack

morpheme_head: smack

affix_form: smack

meaning_definition: To have a distinct flavor | To possess a specific taste

example_words_list_1: smacks | smacky | smacker | smacked | smackee | smackers

etymology: From Old Norse smaka, meaning 'to taste'

ancestor_etymon_language: Old Norse

register: neutral

source: MorphoLex | Wikidata


morpheme_key: small

morpheme: small

morpheme_head: small

affix_form: -small-

sense_label: little

meaning_definition: little | diminutive | of small size

example_words_list_1: small, smallness, smallish

example_words_corpus: smalls | smally | besmall | smallie | smallen | smallpox

categorical_group_list: Size, Dimension

etymology: Old English 'smæl' meaning small, narrow, or slender


morpheme_key: smallwood

morpheme: smallwood

morpheme_head: smallwood

affix_form: -smallwood-

meaning_definition: small | little

example_words_list_1: smallwood, smallwoods

categorical_group_list: Size, Nature, Adjective

etymology: From Old English 'smæl' meaning narrow or small, combined with 'wudu' meaning wood.

attestation: morpholex


morpheme_key: smaragd

morpheme: smaragd

morpheme_head: smaragd

affix_form: smaragd-

meaning_definition: emerald

example_words_list_1: smaragdine

example_words_list_2: smaragdine

categorical_group_list: Gemstone, Color

etymology: σμάραγδος (smáragdos) | σμαράγδινος (smarágdinos) | σμάραγδος(smáragdos) | σμαράγδινος(smarágdinos)

ancestor_etymon_language: Greek

etymological_family: Greek

register: classical

attestation: wiktionary


morpheme_key: smart

morpheme: smart

morpheme_head: smart

affix_form: -smart-

meaning_definition: intelligent | clever | quick-witted

example_words_list_1: smart, smarten, smarting

example_words_corpus: smarts | smarty | smartly | smarted | smarten | unsmart

categorical_group_list: Intelligence, Cognition

etymology: Old English smort "sharp, keen, pungent"


morpheme_key: smash

morpheme: smash

morpheme_head: smash

affix_form: -smash-

meaning_definition: to crush | to break with force | to strike heavily

example_words_list_1: smash, smashing, smashed

categorical_group_list: Action, Destruction, Force

etymology: Middle English smachen


morpheme_key: smatter

morpheme: smatter

morpheme_head: smatter

affix_form: -smatter-

meaning_definition: small | slight | superficial

example_words_list_1: smatter, smattering

example_words_corpus: smatters | smatterer | smattered | smattering | smatterers | smatterings

categorical_group_list: Size, Quantity, Degree

etymology: diminutive of 'matter'


morpheme_key: smear

morpheme: smear

morpheme_head: smear

affix_form: -smear-

meaning_definition: to spread | to smudge | to blur

example_words_list_1: smear, smeared, smearing, smears

example_words_corpus: smears | smeary | asmear | besmear | smeared | smearer

categorical_group_list: Action, Texture, Motion

etymology: Middle English smeren 'to smear, smudge'


morpheme_key: smell

morpheme: smell

morpheme_head: smell

affix_form: -smell-

meaning_definition: to perceive odor | odor | scent

example_words_list_1: smell, smelly, smelling

example_words_corpus: smelly | smells | smelled | smeller | besmell | smelling

categorical_group_list: Sensation, Perception

etymology: Old English smælan 'to smell, to stink'


morpheme_key: smelt

morpheme: smelt

morpheme_head: smelt

affix_form: -smelt-

meaning_definition: to melt (metal) | to fry (fish)

example_words_list_1: smelt, smelting, smelted, smelter

example_words_corpus: smelts | smelter | smelted | resmelt | unsmelt | smelting

categorical_group_list: Verb, Metallurgy, Cooking

etymology: From Old English 'smeltan' meaning 'to melt, dissolve', related to 'smolder'.


morpheme_key: smile

morpheme: smile

morpheme_head: smile

affix_form: -smile-

allomorphs: smil

meaning_definition: facial expression of pleasure | to grin

example_words_list_1: smile, smiling, smiled, smiles

example_words_corpus: smiled | smiles | smiler | smilet | Smiler | besmile

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Facial expression

etymology: Old English 'smīlan'


morpheme_key: smirch

morpheme: smirch

morpheme_head: smirch

affix_form: -smirch-

meaning_definition: to stain | to soil | to defile

example_words_list_1: smirch, smirchy

example_words_corpus: besmirch | smirched | smirches | smirching | besmirches | besmirched

categorical_group_list: Action, Defilement

etymology: Middle English smerchen 'to soil, defile'


morpheme_key: smite

morpheme: smite

morpheme_head: smite

affix_form: -smite-

allomorphs: smit

meaning_definition: to strike | to hit | to punish

example_words_list_1: smite, smitten, smiting

example_words_corpus: smites | smiter | smited | smiters | smitest | smiteth

categorical_group_list: Action, Violence

etymology: Old English smītan


morpheme_key: smith

morpheme: smith

morpheme_head: smith

affix_form: -smith-

meaning_definition: one who works with metal | worker | maker

example_words_list_1: blacksmith, smithy, smithereens

example_words_corpus: smiths | Smithy | adsmith | tinsmith | keysmith | jawsmith

categorical_group_list: Agent, Occupation, Craft

etymology: Old English smīð (blacksmith, metalworker)


morpheme_key: smock

morpheme: smock

morpheme_head: smock

affix_form: -smock-

meaning_definition: a loose outer garment | to cover with a smock

example_words_list_1: smock, smock-frock, smocking, smockface

example_words_corpus: smocks | smocked | smocking | besmocked | smocklike | smockless

categorical_group_list: Clothing, Garment, Noun, Verb

etymology: From Old English smoc, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch smok and German Schmock.


morpheme_key: smoke

morpheme: smoke

morpheme_head: smoke

affix_form: -smoke-

sense_label: smoke

meaning_definition: smoke | vapor | combustion byproduct

example_words_list_1: smoke, smoky, smokescreen, smokestack, smokeless

example_words_corpus: smoker | smoked | smokes | smoken | smokers | smokery

categorical_group_list: Nature, Combustion, Atmosphere

etymology: From Old English 'smōc', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch 'smaak' and German 'Schmack'.


morpheme_key: smolder

morpheme: smolder

morpheme_head: smolder

affix_form: -smolder-

meaning_definition: to burn slowly with smoke but no flame | to smolder

example_words_list_1: smoldering, smoldered, smolders

example_words_corpus: smolders | smoldered | smolderer | smoldering | smolderers | smolderings

categorical_group_list: Fire, Heat, Combustion

etymology: Middle English smolderen


morpheme_key: smooth

morpheme: smooth

morpheme_head: smooth

affix_form: -smooth-

sense_label: even

meaning_definition: even | level | without roughness

example_words_list_1: smoothly, smoothness, smoothing

example_words_corpus: smooths | smoothy | smoothie | smoothly | smoothed | smoothen

categorical_group_list: Texture, Physical property

etymology: Old English smōth


morpheme_key: smote

morpheme: smote

morpheme_head: smote

affix_form: -smote-

meaning_definition: strike down | kill | hit hard

example_words_list_1: smite, smitten, smiter

example_words_corpus: smotest

categorical_group_list: Violence, Action, Past Tense

etymology: Past tense of 'smite', from Proto-Germanic *smithan


morpheme_key: smother

morpheme: smother

morpheme_head: smother

affix_form: -smother-

meaning_definition: to suffocate | to stifle | to overwhelm

example_words_list_1: smother, smothered, smothering

example_words_corpus: smothers | smothery | smothered | smotherer | unsmother | smothering

categorical_group_list: Suppression, Physical sensation

etymology: Middle English smotheren


morpheme_key: smoulder

morpheme: smoulder

morpheme_head: smoulder

affix_form: -smoulder-

meaning_definition: to burn slowly with smoke but no flame | to emit smoke | to smolder

example_words_list_1: smouldering, smouldered, smoulders


morpheme_key: smudge

morpheme: smudge

morpheme_head: smudge

affix_form: -smudge-

meaning_definition: blur | stain | smear

example_words_list_1: smudge, smudged, smudging

example_words_corpus: smudges | smudged | smudger | smudgers | resmudge | besmudge

categorical_group_list: Visual, Imperfection

etymology: From Middle Dutch smugen or smogen, meaning 'to smear' or 'to spread', likely related to Old English smēorian.


morpheme_key: smug

morpheme: smug

morpheme_head: smug

affix_form: -smug-

meaning_definition: self-satisfied | conceited

example_words_list_1: smug, smugness, smugly

example_words_corpus: smugs | smugly | unsmug | smugness | smuggery | smugnesses

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Personality trait

etymology: Middle English smug (self-satisfied)


morpheme_key: smuggle

morpheme: smuggle

morpheme_head: smuggle

affix_form: -smuggle-

meaning_definition: carry | transport | convey

example_words_list_1: smuggler, smuggling, smuggler's

example_words_corpus: smuggler | smuggled | smuggles | smugglers | smugglesome | antismuggler

categorical_group_list: Movement, Deception

etymology: From Middle Dutch smokkelen 'to smuggle', possibly from smok 'a smuggler' or related to smoken 'to smoke' (referring to hiding goods in smoke-filled holds).


morpheme_key: smut

morpheme: smut

morpheme_head: smut

affix_form: smut

meaning_definition: soot | a black, powdery substance formed by the incomplete burning of carbon-based materials | a type of residue from combustion

example_words_list_1: smuts | smutty | besmut | smutted | smutfic | besmuts

etymology: From Old English 'smōt', meaning soot.


morpheme_key: snack

morpheme: snack

morpheme_head: snack

affix_form: -snack-

meaning_definition: small amount of food | light meal

example_words_list_1: snack, snacking, snackable

example_words_corpus: snacks | snacky | snacked | snacker | snacking | snackery

categorical_group_list: Food, Consumption

etymology: From Middle Dutch 'snacken' meaning 'to chatter' or 'to eat greedily', likely related to the sound of eating.


morpheme_key: snaffle

morpheme: snaffle

morpheme_head: snaffle

affix_form: -snaffle-

meaning_definition: to catch | to restrain | a device for controlling

example_words_list_1: snaffle

example_words_corpus: snaffles | snaffled | snaffler | snafflers | foresnaffle

categorical_group_list: Restraint, Control, Physical Object

etymology: Middle English snaffle, related to snarl or snap


morpheme_key: snag

morpheme: snag

morpheme_head: snag

affix_form: -snag-

meaning_definition: to catch | to seize | to obstruct

example_words_list_1: snag, snags, snagged, snagging

example_words_corpus: snags | snaggy | unsnag | snagged | snagger | unsnags

categorical_group_list: Obstruction, Entrapment

etymology: Middle English snaggen, perhaps of Scandinavian origin


morpheme_key: snail

morpheme: snail

morpheme_head: snail

affix_form: -snail-

meaning_definition: gastropod mollusk | slow-moving creature

example_words_list_1: snail, snail-paced, snail-like

example_words_corpus: snaily | snailed | snailery | snailish | snailase | seasnail

categorical_group_list: Animals, Nature

etymology: Old English 'snīel'


morpheme_key: snake

morpheme: snake

morpheme_head: snake

affix_form: -snake-

meaning_definition: snake | serpent

example_words_list_1: snakebite, snakeskin, snakehead

example_words_corpus: snakes | snaked | snakely | snakefly | snakebit | snakelet

categorical_group_list: Animal, Reptile

etymology: Old English snaca, from Proto-Germanic *snaihwaną, from PIE *sneigʷ- 'to slide'

ancestor_etymon_language: Proto-Germanic


morpheme_key: snap

morpheme: snap

morpheme_head: snap

affix_form: -snap-

meaning_definition: sudden sharp sound | break with a sharp noise | quick movement

example_words_list_1: snap, snapper, snapping, snaps

example_words_corpus: snaps | snappy | unsnap | snaped | snapin | snapped

categorical_group_list: Sound, Motion, Breaking

etymology: From Old English 'snæppan' meaning 'to break suddenly', of imitative origin.


morpheme_key: snare

morpheme: snare

morpheme_head: snare

affix_form: -snare-

meaning_definition: a trap or snare | to catch in a trap

example_words_list_1: snare, ensnare

example_words_corpus: snares | snared | snarer | ensnare | insnare | snarers

categorical_group_list: Trap, Capture, Entanglement

etymology: Middle English 'snare', possibly related to 'snare' (to catch) or related to 'snare' (a loop)


morpheme_key: snarl

morpheme: snarl

morpheme_head: snarl

affix_form: -snarl-

meaning_definition: to bare teeth and growl in anger or aggression

example_words_list_1: ['snarl', 'snarling', 'snarled']

categorical_group_list: Sound, Aggression

etymology: From Old English 'snearlian' meaning 'to snarl, growl'.


morpheme_key: snatch

morpheme: snatch

morpheme_head: snatch

affix_form: snatch

meaning_definition: a short segment of sound, typically from music or speech | a brief excerpt of audio content | a fragment of a conversation or melody

example_words_list_1: snatchy | snatches | snatched | snatcher | upsnatch | snatching


morpheme_key: sneak

morpheme: sneak

morpheme_head: sneak

affix_form: -sneak-

meaning_definition: to move stealthily | to act in a secret manner

example_words_list_1: sneaking, sneaker, sneaked

example_words_corpus: sneaky | sneaker | sneaked | sneakers | sneakily | sneaking

categorical_group_list: Motion, Stealth, Action

etymology: Middle English sneken, related to sneak (to move stealthily)


morpheme_key: sneer

morpheme: sneer

morpheme_head: sneer

affix_form: -sneer-

meaning_definition: to smile or laugh contemptuously | facial expression of derision

example_words_list_1: sneer, sneering, sneered

example_words_corpus: sneers | sneery | sneered | sneerer | sneering | sneerers

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Facial Expression, Disdain

etymology: From Old French 'sner' or 'sner', possibly of Germanic origin, meaning to sneer or snort contemptuously.

ancestor_etymon_language: Old French


morpheme_key: sneeze

morpheme: sneeze

morpheme_head: sneeze

affix_form: -sneeze-

meaning_definition: to expel air from the lungs through the nose and mouth via a sudden convulsive contraction of the diaphragm

example_words_list_1: sneeze, sneezing, sneezed, sneezes

example_words_corpus: sneezes | sneezed | sneezer | sneezers | unsneezed | sneezeweed

categorical_group_list: Physiology, Bodily function

etymology: From Old English 'snēosan' meaning 'to smell, sniff', derived from Proto-Germanic '*snēusaną'.


morpheme_key: snick

morpheme: snick

morpheme_head: snick

affix_form: -snick-

meaning_definition: a small, sharp, or sudden sound | a slight cut or nick

example_words_list_1: snicker, snick, snickerdoodle

example_words_corpus: snicks | snicker | snicked | snicking | snickers | snickery

categorical_group_list: Sound, Action, Physical mark

etymology: From Old English 'snic' meaning 'a cut, notch, or nick', related to 'snician' (to cut).


morpheme_key: snide

morpheme: snide

morpheme_head: snide

affix_form: -snide-

meaning_definition: derogatory | mocking | disrespectful

example_words_list_1: snide

example_words_corpus: snidey | snides | snidely | snideness

categorical_group_list: Attitude, Evaluation

etymology: Middle English snide (sharp, cutting)

register: pejorative


morpheme_key: sniff

morpheme: sniff

morpheme_head: sniff

affix_form: -sniff-

meaning_definition: to inhale through the nose | to detect by scent

example_words_list_1: sniff, sniffing, sniffer

example_words_corpus: sniffy | sniffs | sniffle | sniffed | sniffer | sniffly

categorical_group_list: Sensation, Olfaction

etymology: imitative of the sound of breathing through the nose


morpheme_key: snigger

morpheme: snigger

morpheme_head: snigger

affix_form: snigger

meaning_definition: a stifled or broken laugh | a suppressed laugh that is not fully expressed

example_words_list_1: sniggers | sniggery | sniggered | sniggerer | sniggering | sniggerers


morpheme_key: snip

morpheme: snip

morpheme_head: snip

affix_form: -snip-

allomorphs: snipe

meaning_definition: cut | clip | trim

example_words_list_1: snip, snipped, snipping, snipper

example_words_corpus: snips | snippy | snippet | snipper | snipped | snipping

categorical_group_list: Action, Physical manipulation

etymology: From Old English 'snīpan' meaning 'to cut, clip, or trim', of imitative origin.


morpheme_key: snitch

morpheme: snitch

morpheme_head: snitch

affix_form: -snitch-

meaning_definition: informant | betrayer | to reveal secrets

example_words_list_1: snitcher, snitching, snitched

example_words_corpus: snitchy | snitches | snitched | snitching

categorical_group_list: Betrayal, Information, Deception

etymology: Middle English, from Old French esnicher 'to catch in a snare', from esnec 'snare'


morpheme_key: snivel

morpheme: snivel

morpheme_head: snivel

affix_form: -snivel-

meaning_definition: to weep | to whimper | to complain

example_words_list_1: ['sniveling', 'sniveller']

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Physical action

etymology: From Middle Dutch snivelen 'to snivel', of imitative origin, possibly related to Old English snifan 'to sniff'.


morpheme_key: snob

morpheme: snob

morpheme_head: snob

affix_form: snob

meaning_definition: a person who aspires to upper-class status and looks down on those with lower social standing | someone who exhibits pretentiousness and disdain for others' tastes | an individual who values social hierarchy and superiority over others

example_words_list_1: snobs | snobby | snobbery | snobbish | snobbism | snobbily


morpheme_key: snog

morpheme: snog

morpheme_head: snog

affix_form: -snog-

meaning_definition: to kiss | to cuddle

example_words_list_1: snog

example_words_corpus: snogs | snogged | snogger | snoggle | snogging | snogfest

categorical_group_list: Affection, Physical contact

etymology: Origin uncertain, possibly from Romani 'snag' (to bite) or dialectal 'snog' (to bite), first recorded in the 1920s.

ancestor_etymon_language: British English


morpheme_key: snooker

morpheme: snooker

morpheme_head: snooker

affix_form: -snooker-

meaning_definition: a game played on a rectangular table with pockets, using a cue and colored balls

example_words_list_1: snooker, snookered, snooker player

categorical_group_list: Game, Sport, Recreation

etymology: From the verb 'snooker' meaning to put someone in a difficult position, derived from the slang term for a novice or 'greenhorn' in the British Indian Army, which may itself be derived from the Hindi word 'sukar' (a type of bird) or the Tamil word 'sukku' (a young boy).


morpheme_key: snoop

morpheme: snoop

morpheme_head: snoop

affix_form: -snoop-

meaning_definition: to pry | to investigate | to observe secretly

example_words_list_1: snoop, snooping, snooper

example_words_corpus: snoopy | snoops | snooper | snooped | snooping | snoopers

categorical_group_list: Action, Observation

etymology: Origin unknown, possibly from Scottish 'snupe' (to poke) or dialectal 'snoop' (to look around); first recorded in the 19th century.


morpheme_key: snoot

morpheme: snoot

morpheme_head: snoot

affix_form: -snoot-

meaning_definition: nose

example_words_list_1: snootful, snooty

example_words_corpus: snooty | snoots | snooter | snootily | snootful | snooters

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Body parts

etymology: From Middle English 'snout', from Old English 'snūt' (nose, snout).


morpheme_key: snooze

morpheme: snooze

morpheme_head: snooze

affix_form: -snooze-

meaning_definition: sleep | nap | slumber

example_words_list_1: ['snooze']

example_words_corpus: snoozer | snoozed | snoozes | snoozers | snoozefest | snoozetime

categorical_group_list: Sleep, Rest

etymology: From Old English 'snūsian' meaning 'to sleep, slumber', of Germanic origin.


morpheme_key: snore

morpheme: snore

morpheme_head: snore

affix_form: -snore-

meaning_definition: to breathe noisily during sleep

example_words_list_1: snore, snoring, snorer

example_words_corpus: snorer | snores | snored | snorers | snoreth | snorest

categorical_group_list: Sound, Biological process

etymology: From Old English 'snorran' meaning 'to snore', of imitative origin.


morpheme_key: snorkel

morpheme: snorkel

morpheme_head: snorkel

affix_form: -snorkel-

meaning_definition: breathing tube | underwater breathing apparatus

example_words_list_1: snorkeling, snorkeler

example_words_corpus: snorkels | snorkeler | snorkeled | snorkeller | snorkeling | snorkelers

categorical_group_list: Equipment, Marine

etymology: From Dutch 'snorkelen' (to snore), referring to the sound of breathing through the tube.

ancestor_etymon_language: Dutch


morpheme_key: snot

morpheme: snot

morpheme_head: snot

affix_form: snot

meaning_definition: Mucus, particularly from the nose | Nasal secretion | Sticky fluid produced in the nasal passages

example_words_list_1: snots | snotty | snotrag | snotwad | snotbag | snotbox

etymology: Derived from Old English 'snot', meaning mucus.


morpheme_key: snout

morpheme: snout

morpheme_head: snout

affix_form: -snout-

meaning_definition: nose | projecting part of the face | elongated muzzle

example_words_list_1: snout, snouted, snouts

example_words_corpus: snouts | snouty | snoutish | snoutful | snoutlike | snoutless

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Body part

etymology: Old English snout 'nose, snout, muzzle'


morpheme_key: snow

morpheme: snow

morpheme_head: snow

affix_form: snow-

sense_label: snow

meaning_definition: snow

example_words_list_1: snowman, snowball, snowflake, snowplow, snowdrift

example_words_corpus: snowy | snows | snowed | besnow | snower | desnow

categorical_group_list: Nature, Weather, Environment

etymology: Old English snāw

source: Wikidata


morpheme_key: snub

morpheme: snub

morpheme_head: snub

affix_form: -snub-

meaning_definition: to ignore | to disdain | to treat with contempt

example_words_list_1: snub, snubbed, snubbing

example_words_corpus: snubs | snubbed | snubber | snubbee | snubfin | snubbing

categorical_group_list: Social interaction, Negation

etymology: From Middle Dutch 'snobben' or 'snoven', meaning to push or shove, later evolving to mean to treat with disdain.


morpheme_key: snuck

morpheme: snuck

morpheme_head: snuck

affix_form: -snuck-

meaning_definition: moved stealthily | entered secretly

example_words_list_1: sneak, sneaking, sneaks

categorical_group_list: Motion, Stealth

etymology: past tense of sneak


morpheme_key: snuff

morpheme: snuff

morpheme_head: snuff

affix_form: -snuff-

meaning_definition: to inhale | to smell | powdered tobacco

example_words_list_1: snuff, snuffer, snuffbox

example_words_corpus: snuffs | snuffy | snuffle | snuffer | snuffly | snuffed

categorical_group_list: Sensation, Action

etymology: Middle Dutch snuffen "to sniff, to breathe sharply"


morpheme_key: snug

morpheme: snug

morpheme_head: snug

affix_form: -snug-

meaning_definition: tight | comfortable | cozy

example_words_list_1: snug, snuggle, snugness

example_words_corpus: snugs | snugly | snuggle | snuggly | snugged | snugger

categorical_group_list: Physical state, Comfort

etymology: Middle English snug, possibly related to snug (tight, close)


morpheme_key: snuggle

morpheme: snuggle

morpheme_head: snuggle

affix_form: -snuggle-

meaning_definition: to cuddle | to nestle | to lie closely

example_words_list_1: ['snuggle']

etymology: From Middle English 'snugelen' or 'snogelen', likely of imitative origin related to the sound or sensation of being snug.


morpheme_key: so

morpheme: so

morpheme_head: so

affix_form: so-

allomorphs: s'

sense_label: so

affix_type: prefix

bound_free_or_root: bound

meaning_definition: so | thus | in this way | therefore

example_words_list_1: so-called, so-so, so-and-so, so-far, so-long

example_words_corpus: also | howso | soever | sobeit | whereso | insomuch

categorical_group_list: Degree, Manner, Conjunction

etymology: From Old English 'swā' meaning 'in this way, to such a degree', related to Old Saxon 'sō' and Old High German 'sō'.


morpheme_key: soak

morpheme: soak

morpheme_head: soak

affix_form: -soak-

meaning_definition: to immerse | to saturate | to absorb

example_words_list_1: soak, soaked, soaking, soakage

example_words_corpus: soaks | asoak | soaky | soaked | soaker | resoak

categorical_group_list: Liquidity, Saturation, Absorption

etymology: Old English socian "to seek, reach, attain"


morpheme_key: soap

morpheme: soap

morpheme_head: soap

affix_form: -soap-

meaning_definition: cleansing agent | substance for washing

example_words_list_1: soap, soapy, soapbox, soapstone

example_words_corpus: soapy | soaps | soaped | soaper | soapen | soapbox

categorical_group_list: Substance, Cleaning

etymology: From Old English 'sāpe', likely of Celtic origin, referring to the substance used for washing.


morpheme_key: soar

morpheme: soar

morpheme_head: soar

affix_form: -soar-

meaning_definition: to fly high | to rise upward | to ascend

example_words_list_1: soar, soaring, soared

example_words_corpus: soars | soared | upsoar | soarer | soaring | upsoars

categorical_group_list: Motion, Upward movement

etymology: Old English 'sorian' (to rise, ascend)


morpheme_key: sob

morpheme: sob

morpheme_head: sob

affix_form: sob

meaning_definition: insulting term for someone stupid, irritating, or ridiculous | initialism of 'son of a bitch' | term of address used to mock others

example_words_list_1: sobs | sobby | sobbed | sobber | sobful | sobbing


morpheme_key: sober

morpheme: sober

morpheme_head: sober

affix_form: -sober-

bound_free_or_root: stem

part_of_speech_created_by_this_suffix: not suffix

meaning_definition: serious, not intoxicated | temperate, restrained

example_words_list_1: sober, sobriety

example_words_list_2: sober, sobriety

example_words_corpus: sobers | soberly | sobered | insober | ensober | unsober

categorical_group_list: State, Temperance

ancestor_etymon: sober

etymology: Latin sobrius 'temperate, moderate', possibly from sob- 'whole' + -erius comparative suffix

ancestor_etymon_language: Latin

etymological_family: Latin


morpheme_key: sobriety

morpheme: sobriety

morpheme_head: sobriety

affix_form: -sobriety-

meaning_definition: state of being | seriousness | temperance

example_words_list_1: sobriety, sober, sobriquet

example_words_corpus: insobriety

categorical_group_list: State of Being, Temperance

etymology: Latin sobrietas, from sobrius 'sober, temperate'


morpheme_key: soci

morpheme: soci

morpheme_head: soci

affix_form: soci-

allomorphs: socio

meaning_definition: collective | unite | community | interpersonal | pertaining to social studies | partner | accomplice | link | supporter

example_words_list_1: associate | association | associative | consociate | consociation | consociational | disassociate | disassociation | dissociable | dissocial | dissociate | dissociation | dissociative | interassociation | nonassociative | sociability | sociable | social | sociality | societal | society | antisocial | phytosociology | socialism | sociology | sociopath

categorical_group_list: Sociality, Connection

ancestor_etymon: soci

etymology: Latin socius 'companion, ally'


morpheme_key: societe

morpheme: societe

morpheme_head: societe

affix_form: -societe-

meaning_definition: social | companion | fellow

example_words_list_1: sociology, society, sociable

categorical_group_list: Social, Relation


morpheme_key: sock

morpheme: sock

morpheme_head: sock

affix_form: -sock-

meaning_definition: foot covering | garment

example_words_list_1: sock, socks, sockless

example_words_corpus: socks | socked | socking | bedsock | sockful | socklet

categorical_group_list: Clothing, Apparel

etymology: Old English 'socca'


morpheme_key: socket

morpheme: socket

morpheme_head: socket

affix_form: -socket-

meaning_definition: hollow | cavity | receptacle

example_words_list_1: socket, eye-socket, electrical socket

example_words_corpus: sockets | unsocket | socketed | resocket | resockets | unsockets

categorical_group_list: Space, Container, Anatomy

etymology: Latin 'soccus' (a type of slipper) or 'sucus' (juice, sap), likely from Proto-Indo-European *sek- 'to cut' (referring to the hollowed-out nature of the object or the cavity itself)


morpheme_key: soda

morpheme: soda

morpheme_head: soda

affix_form: -soda-

meaning_definition: carbonated beverage | soft drink

example_words_list_1: ['soda']

example_words_corpus: sodas | sodaic | sodalike | sodaless | pyrosoda | Sodagate

categorical_group_list: Food, Beverage

etymology: Shortened form of 'soda water', from 'soda' (sodium carbonate) + 'water'


morpheme_key: sodium

morpheme: sodium

morpheme_head: sodium

affix_form: -sodium-

meaning_definition: sodium (chemical element)

example_words_list_1: sodium, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide

categorical_group_list: Chemistry, Elements

etymology: From Latin natrium, derived from the Arabic natrūn, referring to natron.

register: scientific


morpheme_key: sodom

morpheme: sodom

morpheme_head: sodom

affix_form: sodom

meaning_definition: a city in the Middle East destroyed by God for its inhabitants' sins | a proper noun referring to a biblical location

example_words_list_1: sodomite | Sodomite | sodomites | sodomitry | sodomitical | sodomitically

etymology: from the Hebrew Bible, referring to the city destroyed by God

ancestor_etymon_language: Hebrew

etymological_family: Hebrew

source: MorphoLex


morpheme_key: sofa

morpheme: sofa

morpheme_head: sofa

affix_form: -sofa-

meaning_definition: seat | couch

example_words_list_1: sofa

example_words_corpus: sofas | sofaless

categorical_group_list: Furniture, Object

etymology: From Turkish 'sofa' meaning 'bench' or 'seat along the wall', borrowed into European languages in the 17th century.

ancestor_etymon_language: Turkish


morpheme_key: soft

morpheme: soft

morpheme_head: soft

affix_form: -soft-

sense_label: not hard

meaning_definition: not hard | yielding | gentle | smooth

example_words_list_1: soften, softness, softly

example_words_corpus: softy | softs | soften | softly | softie | unsoft

categorical_group_list: Texture, Tactile, Intensity

etymology: Old English 'sōfte' (soft, gentle)


morpheme_key: soignee

morpheme: soignee

morpheme_head: soignee

affix_form: -soignee-

meaning_definition: well-groomed | elegant | polished

example_words_list_1: soignée

categorical_group_list: Appearance, State of being

etymology: French 'soignée', past participle of 'soigner' 'to take care of'

ancestor_etymon_language: French

etymological_family: Romance


morpheme_key: soil

morpheme: soil

morpheme_head: soil

affix_form: -soil-

meaning_definition: earth | ground | dirt

example_words_list_1: soil, soiling, soilage

example_words_corpus: soils | soily | soiled | assoil | besoil | soiler

categorical_group_list: Nature, Earth, Material

etymology: From Old English 'sēolh' or 'sēoh', meaning 'earth, ground, soil', of Germanic origin.


morpheme_key: sol

morpheme: sol

morpheme_head: sol

affix_form: sol-

sense_label: alone

meaning_definition: isolated | solely | cause solitude

example_words_list_1: desolate | desolation | desolatory | saudade | sole | soliloquy | solitaire | solitary | solitude | solitudinarian | solitudinous | solivagous | solo | sullen | solipsism | solo unrelated: insul / isolate.

example_words_corpus: sols | soles | tosol | aerosol | cytosol | gleysol

categorical_group_list: Capability

ancestor_etymon: solo

etymology: Latin solus 'alone, solitary'

source: Cognatarium | http://www.palosverdes.com/jesse/pvphs/www—freecollege—com—vocab.htm | Wikidata


sense_label: bottom, base, foundation, sole of the foot

meaning_definition: lowest part | supporting structure | base | foot's underside

example_words_list_1: entresol | sole (of the foot) | sole (fish) | soleplate | solifluction | solum Variant Spellings: soil (earth) | soil (earth)

categorical_group_list: Anomalous form

etymology: Greek sōlēn : tube, channel

source: Cognatarium | Wikidata


allomorphs: soli

sense_label: sun

meaning_definition: sun | the sun

example_words_list_1: circumsolar | extrasolar | insolate | insolation | solar | solarium | soliform | soliscence | solstice | subsolar | parasol | girasol | Sol | solar (of the sun) | solarium (sun room | room that lets in a lot of sunlight)

categorical_group_list: Astronomical

ancestor_etymon: sun

etymology: Latin sol 'sun'

source: Cognatarium | http://www.palosverdes.com/jesse/pvphs/www—freecollege—com—vocab.htm | http://leonsplanet.com/index.html


morpheme_key: solace

morpheme: solace

morpheme_head: solace

affix_form: -solace-

meaning_definition: comfort | consolation | relief

example_words_list_1: solace

example_words_corpus: solaces | solaced | solacer | solacers | solacest | solaceth

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Comfort

etymology: Latin solāci- 'consolation', from solāri 'to soothe, comfort'


morpheme_key: solar

morpheme: solar

morpheme_head: solar

affix_form: solar-

meaning_definition: sun

example_words_list_1: solar, parasol, solstice

example_words_list_2: solar, parasol, solstice

example_words_corpus: solars | subsolar | presolar | solarize | nonsolar | solarism

categorical_group_list: Nature, Light, Celestial

etymology: Latin sol, sol- 'sun'


morpheme_key: sold

morpheme: sold

morpheme_head: sold

affix_form: -sold-

meaning_definition: exchanged for value | given in return for money

example_words_list_1: sold, unsold, resold

example_words_corpus: unsold | oversold

categorical_group_list: Commerce, Action

etymology: Old English sēoldan 'to pay, yield, or deliver'


morpheme_key: solder

morpheme: solder

morpheme_head: solder

affix_form: -solder-

meaning_definition: to join | to fuse | metal alloy

example_words_list_1: solder, soldering, soldered

example_words_corpus: solders | solderer | soldered | unsolder | desolder | resolder

categorical_group_list: Connection, Metallurgy

etymology: From Old French 'solder' or 'soudure', derived from Latin 'sodare' meaning 'to make firm' or 'to fasten'.


morpheme_key: soldier

morpheme: soldier

morpheme_head: soldier

affix_form: -soldier-

meaning_definition: soldier | combatant | warrior

example_words_list_1: soldier, soldiership

example_words_corpus: soldiers | soldiery | soldiered | soldierly | soldiering | soldieress

categorical_group_list: Agent, Person, Warfare

etymology: Latin 'soldus' (pay) + '-ier' (agent suffix)


morpheme_key: sole

morpheme: sole

morpheme_head: sole

affix_form: sole-

allomorphs: sol

sense_label: accustomed

meaning_definition: accustomed

example_words_list_1: insolence, insolent, obsolescence, obsolescent, obsolete

example_words_corpus: soler | soled | solely | insole | solers | insoles

categorical_group_list: Negation, Privation, Absence

etymology: solere ~be accustomed~


morpheme_key: solemn

morpheme: solemn

morpheme_head: solemn

affix_form: -solemn-

meaning_definition: serious | formal | grave

example_words_list_1: solemnity, solemnize, solemnization

example_words_corpus: solemnly | unsolemn | solemnity | solemnify | solemnness | solemnities

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Manner, State

etymology: Latin sollemnis 'established by law, ordained by the senate', possibly from sollemne 'solemn offering' or related to sol 'sun' + lem- 'light'


morpheme_key: solen

morpheme: solen

morpheme_head: solen

affix_form: solen-

sense_label: channel, pipe

meaning_definition: channel, pipe

example_words_list_1: solenocyte, solenodon, solenogaster, solenoid, Solenopsis

example_words_corpus: solens | solenite | solenites

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Physical Structure, Conduit

etymology: σωλήν (sōlḗn)


morpheme_key: solenoid

morpheme: solenoid

morpheme_head: solenoid

affix_form: -solenoid-

meaning_definition: tube | pipe | winding

example_words_list_1: solenoid, solenoidally

categorical_group_list: Shape, Structure

etymology: Greek solenos 'channel, tube' from solenos 'pipe'


morpheme_key: solicit

morpheme: solicit

morpheme_head: solicit

affix_form: -solicit-

meaning_definition: to ask for | to request | to urge

example_words_list_1: solicit, solicitation, solicitor

example_words_corpus: solicits | solicitor | solicited | solicitee | solicitous | soliciting

categorical_group_list: Action, Communication

etymology: Latin sollicitus 'agitated, anxious', from sol- 'completely' + citus 'set in motion', past participle of cire 'to set in motion'


morpheme_key: solid

morpheme: solid

morpheme_head: solid

affix_form: -solid-

meaning_definition: unyielding | unyielding to force | steady | unbroken

example_words_list_1: consolidate, solid, solidarity, solidify, solidus

example_words_corpus: solids | solidly | unsolid | solidity | nonsolid | biosolid

categorical_group_list: Texture, Stability, Physical State

etymology: Latin solidus meaning 'solid, firm, whole'

source: Cognatarium


morpheme_key: solipsism

morpheme: solipsism

morpheme_head: solipsism

affix_form: -solipsism-

meaning_definition: self | alone

example_words_list_1: solipsist, solipsistic

example_words_corpus: solipsisms

categorical_group_list: Self, Mind, Philosophy

etymology: Latin solipsus 'alone, only'


morpheme_key: solipsist

morpheme: solipsist

morpheme_head: solipsist

affix_form: -solipsist-

example_words_list_1: solipsism, solipsistic

categorical_group_list: Self, Mind, Identity


morpheme_key: solo

morpheme: solo

morpheme_head: solo

affix_form: -solo-

meaning_definition: alone | single | solitary

example_words_list_1: solitary, solo, solitude

example_words_corpus: solos | soloed | soloist | soloism | soloing | midsolo

categorical_group_list: Number, Singularity

etymology: Latin solus "alone, single"


morpheme_key: soloecismus

morpheme: soloecismus

morpheme_head: soloecismus

affix_form: -soloecismus-

meaning_definition: improper speech | erroneous articulation

example_words_list_1: solecism

example_words_list_2: solecism

categorical_group_list: Error, Speech, Linguistics

etymology: Greek soloikos 'speaking incorrectly' from sola 'alone'

attestation: wikidata


morpheme_key: solstice

morpheme: solstice

morpheme_head: solstice

affix_form: -solstice-

meaning_definition: sun | standing | stationary

example_words_list_1: solstice, solstitial

example_words_corpus: solstices

categorical_group_list: Astronomy, Time, Nature

etymology: Latin solstitium, from sol- 'sun' + sistere 'to stand'


morpheme_key: soluble

morpheme: soluble

morpheme_head: soluble

affix_form: -soluble-

meaning_definition: loosen | dissolve | release | set free

example_words_list_1: absolute, absolve, dissolute, dissolve, resolute, resolve, soluble, solute, solution, solve, solvent, dissoluble, fat-soluble, indissoluble, insoluble, non-water-soluble, oil-soluble, unsoluble, water-insoluble, water-soluble

example_words_corpus: solubles | nonsoluble | liposoluble | solubleness | acetosoluble

categorical_group_list: Action, Release, Separation

etymology: solvere, solutus


morpheme_key: solut

morpheme: solut

morpheme_head: solut

affix_form: solut-

sense_label: loosen

meaning_definition: release | liberate | dissolve

example_words_list_1: absolute | absolve | dissolute | dissolve | resolute | resolve | soluble | solute | solution | solve | solvent | dissoluble | fat-soluble | indissoluble | insoluble | non-water-soluble | oil-soluble | unsoluble | water-insoluble | water-soluble | absolution | dissolution | resolution | solution Variant Spellings: soluble

related_morphemes: solv / solv

categorical_group_list: Anomalous form

etymology: Latin solvere 'to loosen, untie'


morpheme_key: solv

morpheme: solv

morpheme_head: solv

affix_form: solv-

meaning_definition: untie | break apart | liberate | let go

example_words_list_1: absolute | absolve | dissolute | dissolve | resolute | resolve | soluble | solute | solution | solve | solvent | dissoluble | fat-soluble | indissoluble | insoluble | non-water-soluble | oil-soluble | unsoluble | water-insoluble | water-soluble | insolvent

related_morphemes: solut / solut

categorical_group_list: Action, Release, Transformation

ancestor_etymon: solu

etymology: from Latin solv- 'loosened, dissolved', past participle stem of solvere 'to loosen, release, dissolve'


morpheme_key: soma

morpheme: soma

morpheme_head: soma

affix_form: soma-

allomorphs: som

sense_label: body

meaning_definition: physical form | corporeal entity

example_words_list_1: allosome | asomatous | autosome | centrosome | chromosome | decasomy | disomic | disomy | episome | gonosome | heptasomy | heterochromosome | heterodisomic | heterodisomy | hexasomy | isodisomic | isodisomy | macrosomia | metasomatic | metasomatism | microsome | microsomia | monosome | monosomic | monosomy | pentasomic | pentasomy | plasmosome | polysomic | polysomy | pyrosome | somatic | somatomancy | somatoparaphrenia | somatopleure | somatosensory | somatotype | somite | tetrasomic | tetrasomy | trisomic | trisomy

example_words_corpus: somas | somal | prosoma | metasoma | mesosoma | idiosoma

categorical_group_list: Biology, Anatomy, Physicality

etymology: σῶμα | σώματος (sôma | sṓmatos)


morpheme_key: somali

morpheme: somali

morpheme_head: somali

affix_form: -somali-

meaning_definition: Somali | related to Somalia

example_words_list_1: Somali, Somaliland, Somalian

categorical_group_list: Proper noun, Ethnonym, Toponym

etymology: Derived from the endonym 'Soomaali', likely from 'soo' (come) and 'maali' (milk), referring to the pastoralist tradition.

ancestor_etymon_language: Somali


morpheme_key: somato

morpheme: somato

morpheme_head: somato

affix_form: somato-

parts_of_speech_this_morpheme_can_join_onto: adjective,noun

meaning_definition: physical form | relating to the body | the human physique

example_words_list_1: allosome | asomatous | autosome | centrosome | chromosome | decasomy | disomic | disomy | episome | gonosome | heptasomy | heterochromosome | heterodisomic | heterodisomy | hexasomy | isodisomic | isodisomy | macrosomia | metasomatic | metasomatism | microsome | microsomia | monosome | monosomic | monosomy | pentasomic | pentasomy | plasmosome | polysomic | polysomy | pyrosome | somatic | somatomancy | somatoparaphrenia | somatopleure | somatosensory | somatotype | somite | tetrasomic | tetrasomy | trisomic | trisomy | somatophyte

example_words_corpus: somatogamy | somatotopy | somatoform | somatotype | somatocyst | somatogram

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Biology

ancestor_etymon: σωματο-  OED

etymology: σῶμα | σώματος (sôma | sṓmatos) | Greek σῶμα (sôma) | < Greek σωματο- | combining form of σῶμα | σώματ- body OED

ancestor_etymon_language: Greek | Greek  OED

source: Wiktionary | MorphoQuantics | Stein


morpheme_key: somber

morpheme: somber

morpheme_head: somber

affix_form: -somber-

meaning_definition: gloomy | dark | melancholy

example_words_list_1: somberly, somberness

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Atmosphere, Darkness

etymology: Latin 'sombrous' (Old French) or directly from Latin 'sub-' + 'umbra' (shadow)


morpheme_key: sombre

morpheme: sombre

morpheme_head: sombre

affix_form: -sombre-

meaning_definition: dark | shadowy | gloomy

example_words_list_1: somber, somberness

example_words_corpus: sombres | sombred | sombreness

categorical_group_list: Light, Emotion, Atmosphere

etymology: Latin 'sombrous' (variant of 'sombre') from Latin 'sub-' (under) + 'umbra' (shadow)


morpheme_key: some

morpheme: some

morpheme_head: some

affix_form: -some-

allomorphs: -some1 | -some2

sense_label: tending to perform what is charaterised by the fir

derivational_or_inflectional: derivational

parts_of_speech_this_morpheme_can_join_onto: verb | noun | cardinal numeral | 4.97735304365138e-05

part_of_speech_created_by_this_suffix: adjective | noun

meaning_definition: inclined to display traits of the initial element | a set representing the quantity of the first element | resembling | suitable | inclined towards

example_words_list_1: foresome, fearsome, wondersome, lovesome, woesome

example_words_corpus: ugsome | eesome | fusome | oosome | someone | irksome

categorical_group_list: Quantity, Quality

ancestor_etymon: -sum  OED | sum  OED

etymology: Old English -sum, from Proto-Germanic *-sami- 'same, one', from PIE *sem- 'one, same'

ancestor_etymon_language: Old English OED

source: Stein


morpheme_key: somers

morpheme: somers

morpheme_head: somers

affix_form: -somers-

meaning_definition: turn over | flip | tumble

example_words_list_1: somersault, somersaulting

categorical_group_list: Motion, Physical action

etymology: From the verb 'somersault', derived from French 'sauter' (to jump) with prefix 'sur-' (over).


morpheme_key: somn

morpheme: somn

morpheme_head: somn

affix_form: somn-

allomorphs: somni

sense_label: sleep

meaning_definition: rest | slumber | dormancy

example_words_list_1: insomnia | somnambulist | somnifacient | somniferous | somnific | somniloquy | somnolent | parasomnia | somnambulate | somnolent Variant Spellings: Sominex™ | Sominex™

etymology: somnus

source: Cognatarium | https://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words04/ | Wikidata


morpheme_key: somno

morpheme: somno

morpheme_head: somno

affix_form: somno-

meaning_definition: Sleep

example_words_corpus: somnology | somnolytic | somnopathy | somnogenic | somnolytics | somnologist

categorical_group_list: Sleep, Biological process

etymology: From Latin somnus meaning 'sleep'

source: Wiktionary


morpheme_key: son

morpheme: son

morpheme_head: son

affix_form: -son-

allomorphs: sona

sense_label: to sound

meaning_definition: emit noise | auditory sensation

example_words_list_1: dissonance | unison | sonorous | absonant | ambisonic | assonance | assonant | assonate | consonance | consonant | consonous | dissonant | inconsonance | inconsonant | infrasonic | infrasound | magnisonant | resonance | resonant | resonate | resound | sonance | sonant | sonata | sondage | sonnet | sonorant | sonority | soun | sound | subsonic | supersonic | triconsonantal | ultrasonic | ultrasound

example_words_corpus: sons | sonny | sonly | godson | Gibson | Nelson

categorical_group_list: Capability

ancestor_etymon: sound

etymology: sonus


morpheme_key: sonata

morpheme: sonata

morpheme_head: sonata

affix_form: -sonata-

meaning_definition: musical composition | played | sounded

example_words_list_1: sonata

example_words_corpus: sonatas | sonatalike

categorical_group_list: Music, Sound

etymology: From Latin 'sonata', past participle of 'sonare' meaning 'to sound'

ancestor_etymon_language: Italian


morpheme_key: sond

morpheme: sond

morpheme_head: sond

affix_form: -sond-

meaning_definition: to gauge the depth of the sea | to assess the ocean's depth

example_words_list_1: ionosonde | radiosonde | sonde Variant Spellings: sound (to measure depth) | sound (to measure depth)

related_morphemes: comb of sub- + ound / ound

etymology: French sonde 'a probe, a sounding instrument'


morpheme_key: song

morpheme: song

morpheme_head: song

affix_form: -song-

meaning_definition: musical composition | vocal melody | rhythmic sound

example_words_list_1: songbird, songwriter, songsheet

example_words_corpus: songy | songs | songer | songfic | midsong | songful

categorical_group_list: Art, Sound, Communication

etymology: Old English sung


morpheme_key: sonnet

morpheme: sonnet

morpheme_head: sonnet

affix_form: -sonnet-

meaning_definition: fourteen-line poem | lyric poem

example_words_list_1: sonnet

example_words_corpus: sonnets | sonneter | sonneted | sonneters | sonnetist | sonnetize

categorical_group_list: Poetry, Literature

etymology: Italian sonetto "a little sound"


morpheme_key: sono

morpheme: sono

morpheme_head: sono

affix_form: sono-

sense_label: sound

meaning_definition: sound

example_words_list_1: absonant | ambisonic | assonance | assonant | assonate | consonance | consonant | consonous | dissonance | dissonant | inconsonance | inconsonant | infrasonic | infrasound | magnisonant | resonance | resonant | resonate | resound | sonance | sonant | sonata | sondage | sonnet | sonorant | sonority | soun | sound | subsonic | supersonic | triconsonantal | ultrasonic | ultrasound | unison

example_words_list_2: absonant, ambisonic, assonance, assonant, assonate, consonance, consonant, consonous, dissonance, dissonant, inconsonance, inconsonant, infrasonic, infrasound, magnisonant, resonance, resonant, resonate, resound, sonance, sonant, sonata, sondage, sonnet, sonorant, sonority, soun, sound, subsonic, supersonic, triconsonantal, ultrasonic, ultrasound, unison

example_words_corpus: sonosol | sonobuoy | sonometer | sonobuoys | sonograph | sonolysis

categorical_group_list: Auditory, Sensory

source: Wiktionary | Wikidata


affix_form: -sono-

sense_label: that

meaning_definition: that | that one

example_words_list_1: sono, sono hito, sono koto

categorical_group_list: Demonstrative, Determiner

etymology: From Old Japanese sonohito (that person), derived from the demonstrative stem so- plus the noun hito (person)

ancestor_etymon_language: Japanese

etymological_family: Japanese (native)


morpheme_key: sonority

morpheme: sonority

morpheme_head: sonority

affix_form: -sonority-

meaning_definition: loudness | resonance | clarity of sound

example_words_list_1: sonority, sonorous, resonance

categorical_group_list: Acoustics, Sound, Auditory

etymology: From Latin sonorus 'sound-making', derived from sonus 'sound'


morpheme_key: sonorous

morpheme: sonorous

morpheme_head: sonorous

affix_form: -sonorous-

meaning_definition: resonant | deep | full | ringing

example_words_list_1: sonorous, resonance, resonating

example_words_corpus: sonorously | unsonorous | insonorous | nonsonorous | sonorousness | sonorousnesses

categorical_group_list: Sound, Auditory

etymology: From Latin 'sonorus', derived from 'sonus' meaning 'sound'


morpheme_key: soon

morpheme: soon

morpheme_head: soon

affix_form: -soon-

meaning_definition: immediately | at once | without delay

example_words_list_1: soon

example_words_corpus: soonly | soonish | eftsoons | oversoon | soonness

categorical_group_list: Temporal, Adverbial

etymology: Old English sōna 'immediately, at once'

ancestor_etymon_language: Old English


morpheme_key: soot

morpheme: soot

morpheme_head: soot

affix_form: -soot-

meaning_definition: soot | carbon deposit from combustion

example_words_list_1: soot

example_words_corpus: sooty | soots | sooted | besoot | sooten | sootily

categorical_group_list: Matter, Combustion, Residue

etymology: Old English sōt


morpheme_key: sooth

morpheme: sooth

morpheme_head: sooth

affix_form: -sooth-

meaning_definition: veracity

example_words_list_1: forsooth, sooth, soothfast, soothsayer

example_words_list_2: forsooth, sooth, soothfast, soothsayer

example_words_corpus: soother | soothly | insooth | forsooth | soothest | soothful

categorical_group_list: Veracity, Reality

etymology: Old English sōth "truth, reality"


morpheme_key: soph

morpheme: soph

morpheme_head: soph

affix_form: soph-

sense_label: wise

meaning_definition: insightful | depth of understanding | learned awareness | structured philosophy

example_words_list_1: philosophy, sophistry, sophisticated

example_words_corpus: sophs

related_morphemes: compare mor2 / mor

morpheme_counterpart_opposite: mor

opposing_meaning: foolish

categorical_group_list: Intellect, Wisdom, Knowledge

ancestor_etymon: soph

etymology: Greek sophos "wise, skilled"

source: Cognatarium | http://www.palosverdes.com/jesse/pvphs/www—freecollege—com—vocab.htm | https://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words04/ | Wikidata


morpheme_key: sophia

morpheme: sophia

morpheme_head: sophia

affix_form: -sophia-

allomorphs: sophie

meaning_definition: wisdom | knowledge

example_words_list_1: sophist, sophism, sophistry, sophocles

categorical_group_list: Intellect, Cognition

etymology: Greek sophia (σοφία) 'wisdom'


morpheme_key: sophocles

morpheme: sophocles

morpheme_head: sophocles

affix_form: -sophocles-

meaning_definition: wise | glory

example_words_list_1: Sophocles, Sophoclean

categorical_group_list: Proper noun, Name, Person

etymology: Greek name Sophokles (Σοφοκλῆς) from sophos 'wise' + kleos 'glory'


morpheme_key: sophomore

morpheme: sophomore

morpheme_head: sophomore

affix_form: -sophomore-

meaning_definition: wise | learned

example_words_list_1: philosophy, sophistry, sophist

example_words_corpus: sophomores

categorical_group_list: Intelligence, Knowledge

etymology: Greek sophos 'wise'


morpheme_key: sophy

morpheme: sophy

morpheme_head: sophy

affix_form: -sophy

allomorphs: -sophy

affix_type: suffix

derivational_or_inflectional: derivational suffix affix bound morpheme

part_of_speech_created_by_this_suffix: noun

meaning_definition: wise | wisdom | knowledge | structured framework of ideas | the study or science related to the preceding element | the study of the preceding concept

example_words_list_1: philosophy, anthropology, psychology, epistemology, theosophy

example_words_corpus: pansophy | ecosophy | geosophy | theosophy | misosophy | ontosophy

categorical_group_list: Concept Classification

ancestor_etymon: -σοϕία  OED | soph

etymology: σοφός (sophós) | σοφία (sophía) | σόφισμα (sóphisma) | σοφισμός (sophismós) | < ancient Greek -σοϕία  ... < σοϕός  wise ... + -ία -ia suffix1 OED


morpheme_key: sopor

morpheme: sopor

morpheme_head: sopor

affix_form: sopor-

sense_label: deep sleep

meaning_definition: profound slumber | rest

example_words_list_1: sopor | soporific | soporiferous

example_words_list_2: sopor | soporific | soporiferous

categorical_group_list: Sleep, Unconsciousness

etymology: Latin sopor "deep sleep, slumber"


morpheme_key: soporific

morpheme: soporific

morpheme_head: soporific

affix_form: -soporific-

meaning_definition: sleep | inducing sleep

example_words_list_1: soporifically, soporificity

categorical_group_list: Sleep, State of being

etymology: From Latin 'soporificus', derived from 'sopor' (deep sleep) + '-ficus' (making, causing).


morpheme_key: sorb

morpheme: sorb

morpheme_head: sorb

affix_form: sorb-

sense_label: to suck

meaning_definition: to draw in | to take up | to internalize

example_words_list_1: absorb | absorbency | absorbent | absorption | absorptive | absorptivity | adsorb | adsorbent | adsorption | exsorption | insorption | malabsorption | resorb | resorption | resorptive | sorbent | sorbile | sorbition | sorption | sorb | sorbic acid | sorbitol | sorbose

example_words_corpus: sorbs | sorbic | sorbed | sorbin | Sorbian | sorbate

categorical_group_list: Action, Physical Process

etymology: Latin sorbere "to suck, sip, or absorb"


morpheme_key: sorbet

morpheme: sorbet

morpheme_head: sorbet

affix_form: -sorbet-

meaning_definition: sorbet

example_words_list_1: sorbet, sherbet

example_words_corpus: sorbets | sorbetlike

categorical_group_list: Food, Dessert, Frozen

etymology: French sorbet, from Italian sorbetto, ultimately from Arabic sharba


morpheme_key: sorcer

morpheme: sorcer

morpheme_head: sorcer

affix_form: -sorcer-

meaning_definition: magic | sorcery | spellcasting

example_words_list_1: sorcerer, sorcery

categorical_group_list: Magic, Agency

etymology: Latin sors, sorc- 'lot, fate' (via past participle sortus)


morpheme_key: sord

morpheme: sord

morpheme_head: sord

affix_form: sord-

meaning_definition: dirt

example_words_list_1: sordes | sordid

example_words_list_2: sordes | sordid

example_words_corpus: sords

categorical_group_list: Filth, Impurity

etymology: sordere | sordes


morpheme_key: sordid

morpheme: sordid

morpheme_head: sordid

affix_form: -sordid-

meaning_definition: dirty | squalid | morally low

example_words_list_1: sordid

example_words_corpus: sordidly | unsordid | sordidity | sordidness | unsordidly | sordidnesses

categorical_group_list: Quality, Negativity

etymology: Latin sordidus 'dirty, squalid', from sordes 'filth, dirt'


morpheme_key: sore

morpheme: sore

morpheme_head: sore

affix_form: -sore-

meaning_definition: painful | painful to the touch | painful to the mind | painful to the feelings | painful to the body | painful to the senses | painful to the spirit | painful to the soul | painful to the heart | painful to the mind and body | painful to the mind and spirit | painful to the mind and soul | painful to the mind and heart | painful to the mind and senses | painful to the mind and spirit and soul | painful to the mind and spirit and heart | painful to the mind and spirit and senses | painful to the mind and spirit and soul and heart | painful to the mind and spirit and soul and senses | painful to the mind and spirit and soul and heart and senses

example_words_list_1: sore, soreness, sore-eyed

example_words_corpus: sores | sored | sorely | eyesore | bedsore | earsore

categorical_group_list: Sensation, Physical state

etymology: From Old English sār, from Proto-Germanic *sōrą, from Proto-Indo-European *suh₂rós ('pain, sorrow').


morpheme_key: soror

morpheme: soror

morpheme_head: soror

affix_form: soror-

sense_label: sister

meaning_definition: female sibling | blood-related woman

example_words_list_1: sorority, sororal

related_morphemes: compare fratr / fratr

categorical_group_list: Kinship, Person

etymology: soror


morpheme_key: sororitie

morpheme: sororitie

morpheme_head: sororitie

affix_form: -sororitie-

meaning_definition: sisterhood | sisterly | related to sisters

example_words_list_1: soror, sororius, sororitas

categorical_group_list: Kinship, Social bond

etymology: Latin soror 'sister' + -tās (abstract noun suffix)


morpheme_key: sorority

morpheme: sorority

morpheme_head: sorority

affix_form: -sorority-

meaning_definition: sisterhood | group of sisters

example_words_list_1: soror, sororal, sororicide

categorical_group_list: Kinship, Social group

etymology: Latin soror 'sister' + -itas (abstract noun suffix)


morpheme_key: sorrel

morpheme: sorrel

morpheme_head: sorrel

affix_form: -sorrel-

meaning_definition: sorrel (plant) | red-brown color

example_words_list_1: sorrel, sorrel grass, sorrel leaf

categorical_group_list: Plant, Color, Botany

etymology: From Old French 'sorrel' or 'sor', meaning yellowish-brown or sour, derived from Latin 'sordidus' (dirty, dingy) or 'souris' (mouse-colored).


morpheme_key: sorrow

morpheme: sorrow

morpheme_head: sorrow

affix_form: -sorrow-

meaning_definition: sadness | grief | distress

example_words_list_1: sorrow, sorrowful, sorrowing

example_words_corpus: sorrows | sorrowy | sorrowed | sorrowly | besorrow | sorrower

categorical_group_list: Emotion, Negative affect

etymology: Old English sår (sorrow, grief, pain)


morpheme_key: sort

morpheme: sort

morpheme_head: sort

affix_form: -sort-

meaning_definition: quantity | category | depart | destiny | luck | portion | distribution

example_words_list_1: consort | assort | sort | assortment | resort | sortie | consortium | sortilege Variant Spellings: sorcery | sorcery

example_words_corpus: sorts | resort | sorted | sorter | sortal | besort

related_morphemes: sort2 / sort | sort1 / sort

categorical_group_list: Concept Classification | Anomalous form

ancestor_etymon: sort

etymology: Latin sort-, sors 'lot, fate, destiny'


morpheme_key: sortie

morpheme: sortie

morpheme_head: sortie

affix_form: -sortie-

meaning_definition: exit | departure | emergence

example_words_list_1: sortition, assorted, resort, resorting

example_words_corpus: sorties | sortied

categorical_group_list: Movement, Departure

etymology: Latin 'sortiri' meaning 'to draw lots, obtain by lot', from 'sors' (lot, fate)


morpheme_key: sou

morpheme: sou

morpheme_head: sou

affix_form: -sou-

meaning_definition: soul | spirit | essence | self

example_words_list_1: soulful, soulless, soulmate, soulful

categorical_group_list: Psychology, Spirituality, Core concept

etymology: From Old English 'sawol', meaning soul, spirit, or mind.


morpheme_key: souffle

morpheme: souffle

morpheme_head: souffle

affix_form: -souffle-

meaning_definition: puffed | inflated | light

example_words_list_1: souffle

example_words_corpus: souffles

categorical_group_list: Texture, Physical state

etymology: From French 'soufflé', past participle of 'souffler' meaning 'to blow', derived from Latin 'subflāre' (to blow under).


morpheme_key: sought

morpheme: sought

morpheme_head: sought

affix_form: -sought-

meaning_definition: searched for | attempted to find | pursued

example_words_list_1: sought

example_words_corpus: unsought

categorical_group_list: Action, Pursuit

etymology: Old English sōhte, past tense of sēcan 'to seek'


morpheme_key: soul

morpheme: soul

morpheme_head: soul

affix_form: soul-

sense_label: mind, soul

meaning_definition: mind, soul

example_words_list_1: soulmate, soulless, soulful

example_words_corpus: souls | souled | souler | ensoul | besoul | desoul

categorical_group_list: Essence, Life, Spirit

etymology: Old English sǣl (spirit, life, vitality)


morpheme_key: sour

morpheme: sour

morpheme_head: sour

affix_form: -sour-

meaning_definition: having a sharp, acid taste | disagreeable to the taste

example_words_list_1: sour, sourly, sourness

example_words_corpus: sours | sourly | soured | besour | unsour | soursop

categorical_group_list: Taste, Sensory

etymology: Latin acer, acris 'sharp, biting'


morpheme_key: source

morpheme: source

morpheme_head: source

affix_form: -source-

meaning_definition: originate | emerge | spring up

example_words_list_1: resource, source

example_words_list_2: resource, source

example_words_corpus: sources | sourced | sourcer | insource | sourcers | outsource

related_morphemes: surg / surg, surrect / surrect

categorical_group_list: Motion, Origin

etymology: Latin 'surgere' (to rise) via past participle stem 'sort-' or 'surg-'; related to 'oriri' (to arise)


morpheme_key: sousa

morpheme: sousa

morpheme_head: sousa

affix_form: -sousa-

meaning_definition: to make | to cause to be | to render

example_words_list_1: famous, notorious, notorious, notorious

categorical_group_list: Causative, Adjective-forming, Past Participle

etymology: From Latin -sōsus, past participle suffix of verbs in -sōre, derived from the verb suffix -ere (causative/frequentative)


morpheme_key: south

morpheme: south

morpheme_head: south

affix_form: south-

meaning_definition: south, direction

example_words_list_1: south-central, south-polar, southbound, southmost, southward, southwesterly

example_words_corpus: souths | souther | southly | southie | southpaw | southing

categorical_group_list: Direction, Orientation

etymology: Old English sūð, from Proto-Germanic *sud- (cf. Old Frisian suth, Old Saxon suth, Old High German sūt, Gothic sunþu), from Proto-Indo-European *su- 'below, under'

ancestor_etymon_language: Germanic


morpheme_key: southfield

morpheme: southfield

morpheme_head: southfield

affix_form: -southfield-

meaning_definition: south | southern

example_words_list_1: southfield, northfield, eastfield, westfield

categorical_group_list: Direction, Geography, Compound

etymology: Compound of 'south' (from Old English sūð) and 'field' (from Old English feld)

ancestor_etymon_language: English


morpheme_key: souvenir

morpheme: souvenir

morpheme_head: souvenir

affix_form: -souvenir-

meaning_definition: memento | keepsake | token of remembrance

example_words_list_1: souvenirs, souvenir, souvenirable

example_words_corpus: souvenirs

categorical_group_list: Memory, Object

etymology: French 'souvenir' (to remember)


morpheme_key: sovereign

morpheme: sovereign

morpheme_head: sovereign

affix_form: -sovereign-

meaning_definition: supreme | ruling | independent

example_words_list_1: sovereignty, sovereignty-related

example_words_corpus: sovereigns | cosovereign | sovereignly | sovereignist | nonsovereign | cosovereigns

categorical_group_list: Power, Authority, Governance

etymology: From Old French 'soverain', derived from Late Latin 'superanus' meaning 'chief' or 'supreme', from Latin 'super' meaning 'above'.


morpheme_key: soviet

morpheme: soviet

morpheme_head: soviet

affix_form: soviet

meaning_definition: related to the Soviet Union | associated with the former USSR | connected to the socialist state of the 20th century

example_words_list_1: nonsoviet | antisoviet | sovietwave

example_words_corpus: nonsoviet | antisoviet | sovietwave

etymology: from Russian 'sovet' (council)

ancestor_etymon_language: Russian

etymological_family: Russian

register: historical


morpheme_key: sow

morpheme: sow

morpheme_head: sow

affix_form: -sow-

meaning_definition: to put (seed) in the ground for growth | to plant

example_words_list_1: sow, sowseed, sowable

example_words_corpus: sows | sower | sowed | resow | besow | soweth

categorical_group_list: Action, Agriculture

etymology: From Old English sǣwan, from Proto-Germanic *saiwanan, from Proto-Indo-European *seyh₁w- 'to sow'.


morpheme_key: soy

morpheme: soy

morpheme_head: soy

affix_form: -soy-

allomorphs: soya

meaning_definition: soy | I am

example_words_list_1: ser, soy, es, somos, son, fue, siendo

example_words_corpus: soybean | soyfood | soymilk | soysage | soyhull | soybeans

categorical_group_list: Verb, Copula, Core concept

etymology: Latin sum, esse 'to be'


morpheme_key: spa

morpheme: spa

morpheme_head: spa

affix_form: spa-

sense_label: draw, pull

meaning_definition: draw, pull

example_words_list_1: spasm, spasmodic, spasmolytic

example_words_corpus: spas | spalike | spagoer | medispa | spagoers

categorical_group_list: Motion, Force, Physical Action

etymology: σπᾶν (spân), σπάσις (spásis), σπασμός (spasmós), σπάσμα (spásma), σπαστικός (spastikós), σπώμενον (spṓmenon), σπάδιξ (spádix), σπαδίζω

ancestor_etymon_language: Greek


morpheme_key: space

morpheme: space

morpheme_head: space

affix_form: space-

allomorphs: spac

meaning_definition: space

example_words_list_1: interspace, interspatial, space, spatial, spatiate, subspace

example_words_corpus: spacer | spaces | spaced | spacers | spacely | respace

categorical_group_list: Dimension, Location, Physics

etymology: spatium


morpheme_key: spad

morpheme: spad

morpheme_head: spad

affix_form: spad-

allomorphs: spade

meaning_definition: eunuch

example_words_list_1: epispadias | hypospadias

example_words_list_2: epispadias | hypospadias

example_words_corpus: spads

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Medical

etymology: σπάδος (spádos) | σπάδων (spádōn) | σπαδοειδής


morpheme_key: spadias

morpheme: spadias

morpheme_head: spadias

affix_form: -spadias

meaning_definition: slit, fissure

example_words_list_1: hypospadias, epispadias

example_words_list_2: hypospadias, epispadias

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Injury, Physical state

etymology: Greek σπάω (spáō), break, split


morpheme_key: spain

morpheme: spain

morpheme_head: spain

affix_form: -spain-

meaning_definition: Spain | Iberian Peninsula

example_words_list_1: Spain

categorical_group_list: Proper Noun, Location

etymology: From Latin 'Hispania', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula, possibly derived from the Punic word 'I-Shpania' meaning 'land of rabbits'.


morpheme_key: spake

morpheme: spake

morpheme_head: spake

affix_form: -spake-

meaning_definition: to speak | to utter | to say

example_words_list_1: spake

example_words_corpus: spakest | spakely | spaketh

categorical_group_list: Communication, Action

etymology: Old English spæcan


morpheme_key: spam

morpheme: spam

morpheme_head: spam

affix_form: -spam-

meaning_definition: unsolicited | repetitive | mass-produced

example_words_list_1: spam

example_words_corpus: spams | spammy | despam | unspam | spambot | spammer

categorical_group_list: Repetition, Excess, Communication

etymology: shortened from Hormel Foods' brand name 'SPAM'


morpheme_key: span

morpheme: span

morpheme_head: span

affix_form: -span-

meaning_definition: The Iberian country | Southwestern European nation

example_words_list_1: Hispanic, Hispanolia, Spaniard, spaniel, Spanish

example_words_corpus: spans | inspan | spaned | cospan | spanner | outspan

categorical_group_list: Proper noun, Geography

etymology: Greek spastikos spasmos span : to draw, to pull, to wrench


morpheme_key: spank

morpheme: spank

morpheme_head: spank

affix_form: spank

meaning_definition: A slapping sound | the act of striking with the hand | a form of corporal punishment

example_words_list_1: spanks | spanko | spanky | spanker | spanked | spankee

etymology: from Old English 'sprengan' meaning to strike or splash


morpheme_key: spanner

morpheme: spanner

morpheme_head: spanner

affix_form: -spanner-

meaning_definition: one who or that which spans

example_words_list_1: spanner, span, spanner wrench, spaniel

categorical_group_list: Agent, Tool, Action

etymology: Derived from the verb 'span' (to stretch across) + agentive suffix '-er'


morpheme_key: spar

morpheme: spar

morpheme_head: spar

affix_form: -spar-

allomorphs: spare

meaning_definition: to speak | to say

example_words_list_1: disparage, disparagement, disparaging

example_words_corpus: sparry | unspar | sparred | unspars | sparrer | sparring

categorical_group_list: Speech, Communication, Latin Root

etymology: Latin 'sparare' meaning 'to prepare, arrange, speak'


morpheme_key: sparg

morpheme: sparg

morpheme_head: sparg

affix_form: sparg-

meaning_definition: scatter | sprinkle | spread

example_words_list_1: disperse, sparse, sparging

example_words_list_2: asperse | aspersion | aspersive | dispersal | disperse | dispersion | dispersive | insperse | inspersion | interspersal | intersperse | interspersion | nonaspersion | nondispersive | nonsparse | sparge | spargefaction | sparse | sparsity

categorical_group_list: Motion, Dispersion

etymology: spargere


morpheme_key: spark

morpheme: spark

morpheme_head: spark

affix_form: -spark-

meaning_definition: a small fiery particle | to emit sparks | to ignite

example_words_list_1: spark, sparkling, sparkler, sparkled

example_words_corpus: sparks | sparky | sparkle | sparkly | sparked | sparker

categorical_group_list: Light, Fire, Energy

etymology: Middle English 'sparke', related to Old English 'spearca'


morpheme_key: sparkle

morpheme: sparkle

morpheme_head: sparkle

affix_form: -sparkle-

meaning_definition: to emit small flashes of light | to shine with a flickering light

example_words_list_1: sparkle, sparkling, sparkled

example_words_corpus: sparkles | sparkler | asparkle | sparklers | sparkleth | sparklest

categorical_group_list: Light, Visual perception

etymology: imitative of light effects

ancestor_etymon_language: Middle English


morpheme_key: sparrow

morpheme: sparrow

morpheme_head: sparrow

affix_form: -sparrow-

meaning_definition: sparrow

example_words_list_1: sparrow, sparrowhawk, sparrowegg

example_words_corpus: sparrows | sparrowy | sparrowish | sparrowdom | sparrowhawk | sparrowlike

categorical_group_list: Fauna, Avian

etymology: Old English sparwa, of unknown origin, possibly related to Old Norse sparri


morpheme_key: sparse

morpheme: sparse

morpheme_head: sparse

affix_form: -sparse-

allomorphs: spars

meaning_definition: sparse | scattered | thinly distributed

example_words_list_1: sparsely, sparseness, sparse

example_words_corpus: sparsed | sparsen | sparsely | sparsens | sparsedly | sparseness

categorical_group_list: Quantity, Density

etymology: Latin sparcus 'scattered, dispersed'


morpheme_key: sparta

morpheme: sparta

morpheme_head: sparta

affix_form: -sparta-

meaning_definition: Sparta | Lacedaemon | Spartan

example_words_list_1: Spartan, Spartacus, Lacedaemonian

etymology: Ancient Greek Σπάρτη (Spartē)


morpheme_key: spasm

morpheme: spasm

morpheme_head: spasm

affix_form: -spasm-

allomorphs: spasmo

meaning_definition: to tug abruptly | to lurch suddenly

example_words_list_1: spasm, spasmodic, spastic

example_words_list_2: spasm, spasmodic, spastic

example_words_corpus: spasms | spasmoid | myospasm | spasmogen | vasospasm | xyrospasm

categorical_group_list: Movement, Physical sensation

etymology: Greek spasmos 'convulsion, pulling, drawing'


morpheme_key: spasmodic

morpheme: spasmodic

morpheme_head: spasmodic

affix_form: -spasmodic-

meaning_definition: convulsive | irregular | occurring in bursts

example_words_list_1: spasm, spasmodically

example_words_corpus: spasmodics | antispasmodic | antispasmodics

categorical_group_list: Movement, Physicality, Irregularity

etymology: Greek spasmos 'spasm, convulsion'


morpheme_key: spastic

morpheme: spastic

morpheme_head: spastic

affix_form: -spastic-

meaning_definition: drawing | pulling | convulsing

example_words_list_1: spasticity, spasticism

categorical_group_list: Movement, Physicality

etymology: Greek spastikos 'drawing, pulling'


morpheme_key: spath

morpheme: spath

morpheme_head: spath

affix_form: spath-

meaning_definition: edge | wide edge

example_words_list_1: spade | spatha | spathe | spay | feldspathic | spathaceous | spatula | spatulate Variant Spellings: feldspar | spade (card symbol) | feldspar

example_words_corpus: spaths

categorical_group_list: Anomalous form

etymology: Greek spathe (blade/broad blade)


morpheme_key: spati

morpheme: spati

morpheme_head: spati

affix_form: spati-

allomorphs: spate

meaning_definition: area | separation

example_words_list_1: spatial, space, spacious, distance, expand

categorical_group_list: Dimension, Location

etymology: spatium


morpheme_key: spatio

morpheme: spatio

morpheme_head: spatio

affix_form: spatio-

meaning_definition: space

example_words_list_1: interspace | interspatial | space | spatial | spatiate | subspace

example_words_list_2: interspace, interspatial, space, spatial, spatiate, subspace

example_words_corpus: spationaut | spatiotopy | spationauts | spatiotopic | spatiokinetic | spatiotemporal

categorical_group_list: Space, Dimension, Locative


morpheme_key: spatter

morpheme: spatter

morpheme_head: spatter

affix_form: -spatter-

meaning_definition: to strike or splash with small drops of liquid | to scatter or spread loosely

example_words_list_1: spatter, spattering, spattered

example_words_corpus: spatters | spattery | bespatter | spattered | bespatters | spattering

categorical_group_list: Motion, Liquid, Action

etymology: imitative of the sound of splashing


morpheme_key: spatula

morpheme: spatula

morpheme_head: spatula

affix_form: -spatula-

meaning_definition: flat | broad | blade-like

example_words_list_1: spatula

example_words_corpus: spatulalike | cyclospatula | microspatula | cyclospatulas

categorical_group_list: Tool, Shape

etymology: From Latin spatula, a diminutive of spatha 'broad blade, sword'


morpheme_key: spawn

morpheme: spawn

morpheme_head: spawn

affix_form: -spawn-

meaning_definition: to produce | to generate | to emerge

example_words_list_1: spawn, spawning, respawn

example_words_corpus: spawns | spawny | spawned | respawn | spawner | despawn

categorical_group_list: Creation, Emergence, Biology

etymology: Old French espandre "to spread, expand"

ancestor_etymon_language: Old French


morpheme_key: speak

morpheme: speak

morpheme_head: speak

affix_form: -speak-

sense_label: vocal communication

meaning_definition: vocal communication

example_words_list_1: speaker | speech

example_words_list_2: speaker, speech

example_words_corpus: speaks | speako | speaker | bespeak | unspeak | adspeak

categorical_group_list: Communication, Action

etymology: Proto-Germanic *sprekaną 'to speak, talk'

ancestor_etymon_language: Proto-Germanic


morpheme_key: spear

morpheme: spear

morpheme_head: spear

affix_form: -spear-

meaning_definition: a pointed weapon for throwing or thrusting

example_words_list_1: spear, spearhead, spearman

example_words_corpus: spears | speary | speared | spearer | upspear | spearman

categorical_group_list: Weaponry, Tool

etymology: From Proto-Germanic *sperą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sper- "to throw, spear"


morpheme_key: spec

morpheme: spec

morpheme_head: spec

affix_form: -spec-

allomorphs: speci

meaning_definition: emerge | gaze | perceive | spectrum | direct attention | observe | examine

example_words_list_1: spectrum, inspect, respect, speculate, spectacle

example_words_corpus: specs | speccy | specsmanship

related_morphemes: spect / spect, spex / spex, spic / spic, spite / spite

categorical_group_list: Vision, Perception, Appearance

ancestor_etymon: spic

etymology: Latin specere 'to look at'

ancestor_etymon_language: Latin

source: https://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words04/ | Cognatarium | http://www.palosverdes.com/jesse/pvphs/www—freecollege—com—vocab.htm


morpheme_key: special

morpheme: special

morpheme_head: special

affix_form: -special-

meaning_definition: particular | distinct | unique | exceptional

example_words_list_1: specialist, specialize, especially

example_words_corpus: specials | specially | unspecial | specialize | specialism | nonspecial

categorical_group_list: Distinction, Quality

etymology: From Latin specialis 'of or belonging to a sort or class', from species 'kind, type'


morpheme_key: specie

morpheme: specie

morpheme_head: specie

affix_form: -specie-

meaning_definition: kind | type | sort

example_words_list_1: species, specification, specimen

example_words_corpus: species | oospecies | subspecies | speciesism | speciesist | ecospecies

categorical_group_list: Classification, Identity

etymology: Latin species 'appearance, form, kind'


morpheme_key: species

morpheme: species

morpheme_head: species

affix_form: -species-

example_words_list_1: species, specification, despecify

categorical_group_list: Classification, Biological entity


morpheme_key: specific

morpheme: specific

morpheme_head: specific

affix_form: -specific

meaning_definition: kind, sort

example_words_list_1: interspecies, interspecific, intraspecies, intraspecific, special, speciality, speciation, specie, species, specific, specification, specificity, specimen, speciosity, subspeciality, subspecies, trispecific, unispecific

etymology: Latin specificus 'pertaining to a kind or sort', from species 'kind, type'


morpheme_key: specimen

morpheme: specimen

morpheme_head: specimen

affix_form: -specimen-

meaning_definition: sample | specimen | individual instance

example_words_list_1: specimen

example_words_corpus: specimens | biospecimen | interspecimen

categorical_group_list: Entity, Sample, Observation

etymology: Latin specimen 'sample, example, proof' (from specere 'to look at')


morpheme_key: specious

morpheme: specious

morpheme_head: specious

affix_form: -specious-

meaning_definition: deceptive | misleading | appearing true but false

example_words_list_1: speciously, speciousness

example_words_corpus: speciously | speciousness | speciousnesses

categorical_group_list: Deception, Appearance

etymology: Latin speciosus 'beautiful, fair, splendid', from speciosus, from specere 'to look at'


morpheme_key: speck

morpheme: speck

morpheme_head: speck

affix_form: -speck-

meaning_definition: small particle | tiny spot | fragment

example_words_list_1: speck, speckle, speckled, specky

example_words_corpus: specky | specked | flyspeck | specking | flyspecks | speckless

categorical_group_list: Size, Quantity

etymology: imitative of a small particle or fragment


morpheme_key: speckle

morpheme: speckle

morpheme_head: speckle

affix_form: -speckle-

meaning_definition: small spot | dot | patch

example_words_list_1: speckled, speckling, speckleback

example_words_corpus: splakes

categorical_group_list: Visual, Size, Pattern

etymology: imitative of small marks


morpheme_key: spect

morpheme: spect

morpheme_head: spect

affix_form: spect-

sense_label: appear

meaning_definition: emerge | gaze | perceive visually | spectrum | to gaze | to perceive visually

example_words_list_1: inspect, retrospect, spectacle, spectrum, perspective

example_words_corpus: despect | inspect | prospect | inspects | inspector | prospects

related_morphemes: spec / spec, spex / spex, spic / spic, spite / spite

categorical_group_list: Perception, Vision

etymology: Latin spectare 'to look at', frequentative of specere 'to look'


morpheme_key: spector

morpheme: spector

morpheme_head: spector

affix_form: -spector-

meaning_definition: to look | to see | to watch

example_words_list_1: inspect, retrospect, perspective, spectator


morpheme_key: spectr

morpheme: spectr

morpheme_head: spectr

affix_form: spectr-

sense_label: appear, look, see, spectrum

meaning_definition: appear, look, see, spectrum

example_words_list_1: inspect, spectacle, spectrum, retrospect

categorical_group_list: Vision, Perception

etymology: specere, spectare, speculari


morpheme_key: spectro

morpheme: spectro

morpheme_head: spectro

affix_form: spectro-

meaning_definition: emerge | gaze | perceive visually | range of colors | a range of colors or ranges

example_words_corpus: spectrogram | spectrology | spectrotron | spectrosome | spectrometer | spectroscopy

categorical_group_list: Vision, Perception, Light

ancestor_etymon: spectrum  OED

ancestor_etymon_language: Latin | Latin  OED


morpheme_key: specul

morpheme: specul

morpheme_head: specul

affix_form: -specul-

meaning_definition: to look | to spy | to observe

example_words_list_1: speculate, inspection, spectator, retrospective

etymology: From Latin specere 'to look at', from PIE *spek- 'to observe'


morpheme_key: sped

morpheme: sped

morpheme_head: sped

affix_form: -sped-

meaning_definition: move quickly | go quickly

example_words_list_1: speed, speedy, speedily, speeder, speedup

example_words_corpus: unsped | thoroughsped

categorical_group_list: Motion, Speed, Verb

etymology: Past tense and past participle of 'speed', from Old English 'spēdan' meaning 'to succeed, prosper, hasten'.


morpheme_key: speech

morpheme: speech

morpheme_head: speech

affix_form: -speech-

meaning_definition: to talk | verbal communication | vocal expression

example_words_list_1: speechless, speechify, speechwriter

example_words_corpus: speechy | speeches | byspeech | bespeech | speechie | speechify

etymology: Old English 'spæcen' (to speak, talk)


morpheme_key: speed

morpheme: speed

morpheme_head: speed

affix_form: -speed-

meaning_definition: rapidity | quickness | velocity

example_words_list_1: speedy, speedometer, speeding

example_words_corpus: speedy | speeds | speeded | despeed | speeder | dispeed

categorical_group_list: Motion, Velocity, Time

etymology: From Old English 'spēd' meaning 'success, prosperity, good fortune', derived from Proto-Germanic '*spaidiz', ultimately from Proto-Indo-European '*spēd-' meaning 'to be successful'.


morpheme_key: speedwell

morpheme: speedwell

morpheme_head: speedwell

affix_form: -speedwell-

meaning_definition: speedwell

example_words_list_1: speedwell, speedwell-like

categorical_group_list: Botany, Plant name, Noun

etymology: From Old English 'spēdwella', a compound of 'spēd' (success, speed) and 'wella' (spring, fountain), referring to the plant's rapid growth or sap.


morpheme_key: speir

morpheme: speir

morpheme_head: speir

affix_form: speir-

meaning_definition: to sow | seed | scatter

example_words_list_1: sporadic, spore, dispersal

example_words_list_2: aplanospore | archesporium | carpospore | chlamydospore | diaspora | diaspore | endospore | esparto | eusporangium | exospore | heterosporous | heterospory | homosporous | isosporous | leptosporangium | megasporangium | megaspore | microsporangium | microspore | mitospore | sporadic | sporangiospore | sporangium | spore | sporocarp | sporophyte | teliospore | tetraspore | tetrasporophytic | zygospore

categorical_group_list: Action, Nature, Growth

etymology: σπείρω (speírō) | σπαρτός | σπορά | σποράς | σποράδος (sporás | sporádos) | σποραδικός (sporadikós) | σπόρος (spóros) | σποράδος(sporás | σποραδικός(sporadikós)


morpheme_key: speleo

morpheme: speleo

morpheme_head: speleo

affix_form: speleo-

allomorphs: spele

sense_label: cave

meaning_definition: cave | cavern | hollow

example_words_list_1: speleology | speleogenic | speleologist | speleologies | speleobopper | speleophilic

categorical_group_list: Location, Environment

etymology: Greek spelaion 'cave'


morpheme_key: spell

morpheme: spell

morpheme_head: spell

affix_form: -spell-

meaning_definition: to write | to recite | incantation

example_words_list_1: spell, spelling, spellbound

example_words_corpus: spells | spello | spelled | respell | speller | bespell

categorical_group_list: Communication, Magic, Writing

etymology: From Old English 'spellian' (to tell, recite) and 'spell' (story, news, tidings), of Germanic origin.


morpheme_key: spelt

morpheme: spelt

morpheme_head: spelt

affix_form: -spelt-

meaning_definition: written | orthography | spelling

example_words_list_1: spelling, misspelled, unspelt

example_words_corpus: speltmeal

categorical_group_list: Communication, Writing

etymology: Old English 'spellian' (to write, to tell)


morpheme_key: spend

morpheme: spend

morpheme_head: spend

affix_form: spend-

sense_label: to pour

meaning_definition: to pour | to libate | to sacrifice

example_words_list_1: spondaic, Sponde, spondee

example_words_list_2: spondaic, Sponde, spondee

example_words_corpus: spendy | spends | spender | respend | bespend | spended

categorical_group_list: Ritual, Action, Pouring

etymology: σπένδειν (spéndein), σπονδή, σπονδάς (spondḗ, spondás), σπονδεῖος, σπονδικός


morpheme_key: spent

morpheme: spent

morpheme_head: spent

affix_form: -spent-

meaning_definition: used up | exhausted | consumed

example_words_list_1: spent, expenditure, expending

example_words_corpus: unspent | forspent | spentest | heartspent

categorical_group_list: Consumption, Depletion, Usage

etymology: Latin past participle stem of 'spendere' meaning 'to give, bestow, devote'


morpheme_key: sper

morpheme: sper

morpheme_head: sper

affix_form: sper-

sense_label: not

meaning_definition: absence of | devoid of | deficient in

categorical_group_list: Anomalous form

etymology: Latin prefix in- (variant before s) meaning 'not, without'


morpheme_key: sperg

morpheme: sperg

morpheme_head: sperg

affix_form: -sperg-

meaning_definition: disperse | scatter | distribute in small amounts

example_words_list_1: disperse, disperse, perspiration

example_words_corpus: spergs | sperglord

related_morphemes: spers / spers

categorical_group_list: Action, Motion

etymology: spargere | Latin -spergere (comb. form) (pp. -spersum) spargere (pp. sparsum) : to scatter | to strew | to sprinkle


morpheme_key: sperm

morpheme: sperm

morpheme_head: sperm

affix_form: sperm

meaning_definition: Semen | reproductive material in male animals | generative substance

example_words_list_1: sperms | spermic | oosperm | zoosperm | spermist | oosperms

etymology: from Greek sperma, meaning 'seed' or 'semen'


morpheme_key: spermato

morpheme: spermato-

morpheme_head: spermato-

affix_form: spermato-

meaning_definition: related to sperm | pertaining to sperm cells | resembling sperm

example_words_list_1: spermatoid | spermatovum | spermatocyte | spermatocide | spermatology | spermatocele

etymology: derived from Greek 'sperma' meaning seed or sperm


morpheme_key: sperse

morpheme: sperse

morpheme_head: sperse

affix_form: -sperse-

allomorphs: spers

meaning_definition: to scatter | to spread | to distribute

example_words_list_1: disperse, disperse, disperse

example_words_corpus: spersed | sperses

categorical_group_list: Motion, Distribution

etymology: from Latin spargere 'to scatter, sprinkle'


morpheme_key: spew

morpheme: spew

morpheme_head: spew

affix_form: -spew-

meaning_definition: to vomit | to eject forcefully | to discharge

example_words_list_1: spew, spewing, spewed

example_words_corpus: spews | spewy | spewer | spewed | bespew | spewers

categorical_group_list: Action, Motion, Emission

etymology: Middle English spewen


morpheme_key: spex

morpheme: spex

morpheme_head: spex

affix_form: False

meaning_definition: a person who sees

example_words_list_1: auspex, haruspex, Perspex™

example_words_list_2: auspex, haruspex, Perspex™

related_morphemes: spec / spec, spect / spect, spic / spic, spite / spite

etymology: Latin specere 'to look at'


morpheme_key: spheno

morpheme: spheno

morpheme_head: spheno

affix_form: spheno-

allomorphs: sphen

meaning_definition: wedge

example_words_list_1: sphenoid, sphenoidal, sphenosphenoid

example_words_corpus: sphenotic | sphenotics | sphenophyte | sphenography | sphenophytes | sphenographic

categorical_group_list: Shape, Geometry

etymology: σφήν, σφηνός (sphḗn, sphēnós)


morpheme_key: sphere

morpheme: sphere

morpheme_head: sphere

affix_form: sphere-

allomorphs: spher

sense_label: ball

meaning_definition: ball | sphere | sperical

example_words_list_1: aspheric | atmosphere | hemisphere | hypersphere | mesosphere | pseudosphere | sphere | spherical | spheroid | spherometer | spherulite | stratosphere | trimetasphere | spherule

example_words_corpus: spheres | asphere | sphered | unsphere | cosphere | oosphere

etymology: σφαῖρα (sphaîra)


morpheme_key: spherico

morpheme: spherico

morpheme_head: spherico

affix_form: spherico-

meaning_definition: sphere | globe | round

example_words_list_1: sphericity, sphericon

etymology: Latin sphaera 'sphere' (from Greek sphaira)


morpheme_key: sphero

morpheme: sphero

morpheme_head: sphero

affix_form: sphero-

meaning_definition: ball, sphere, sperical

example_words_list_1: hemisphere, biosphere, hydrosphere

example_words_corpus: spherocyte | spherosome | spheromere | spherolith | spherocone | spherometer


morpheme_key: sphincter

morpheme: sphincter

morpheme_head: sphincter

affix_form: -sphincter-

meaning_definition: to tighten | constriction | ring-shaped muscle

example_words_list_1: sphincter, external sphincter, internal sphincter, anal sphincter, urethral sphincter

example_words_corpus: sphincters | sphincteral | sphincteric | sphincterotomy | rhabdosphincter | transphincteric

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Physical Action

etymology: Greek sphinkter "binder, strap"


morpheme_key: sphinx

morpheme: sphinx

morpheme_head: sphinx

affix_form: -sphinx-

meaning_definition: mythical creature | riddle-solver

example_words_list_1: sphinx

example_words_corpus: sphinxlike | gynosphinx | androsphinx

categorical_group_list: Mythology, Creature

etymology: Greek sphinx (φίγκξ) 'strangler'


morpheme_key: sphyg

morpheme: sphyg

morpheme_head: sphyg

affix_form: sphyg-

meaning_definition: pulse

example_words_list_1: asphyxia | sphygmic | sphygmochronograph | sphygmograph | sphygmomanometer | sphygmus

example_words_list_2: asphyxia, sphygmic, sphygmochronograph, sphygmograph, sphygmomanometer, sphygmus

categorical_group_list: Physiology, Vital signs

etymology: σφύζειν (sphúzein) | σφυγμός (sphugmós) | (sphugmikós) | (sphúxis) | σφύζειν(sphúzein) | σφυγμός(sphugmós)


morpheme_key: sphygm

morpheme: sphygm

morpheme_head: sphygm

affix_form: sphygm-

allomorphs: sphygmo

meaning_definition: cardiac rhythm | arterial throbbing

example_words_list_1: sphygmic | sphygmogram | sphygmograph | sphygmoid | sphygmomanometer

example_words_list_2: sphygmic, sphygmogram, sphygmograph, sphygmoid, sphygmomanometer

example_words_corpus: sphygmogram | sphygmology | sphygmometer | sphygmograms | sphygmograph | sphygmometers

related_morphemes: sphyx / sphyx

categorical_group_list: Physiology, Vitality

etymology: Greek sphyxis : heartbeat, pulse sphyzein : to throb

source: Wiktionary | Cognatarium


morpheme_key: spice

morpheme: spice

morpheme_head: spice

affix_form: -spice-

meaning_definition: aromatic substance | seasoning | pungent flavor

example_words_list_1: spiced, spices, spiceless

example_words_corpus: spiced | spicer | spicen | spicery | bespice | spicers

categorical_group_list: Food, Sensory, Substance

etymology: From Arabic 'spice' (spiced meat) or Persian 'spīd' (white), via Old French 'espice'

ancestor_etymon_language: Arabic


morpheme_key: spiculo

morpheme: spiculo

morpheme_head: spiculo

affix_form: spiculo-

meaning_definition: spike | dart | pointed projection

example_words_list_1: spiculate, spiculation

categorical_group_list: Shape, Physical attribute

etymology: Latin spiculum 'a dart,-a small spike'


morpheme_key: spider

morpheme: spider

morpheme_head: spider

affix_form: -spider-

meaning_definition: arachnid | spider-like

example_words_list_1: spider, spiderweb, spiderling

example_words_corpus: respiders | spiderling | spiderworts | spideriness | spidergrams | spiderlings

categorical_group_list: Animals, Biology

etymology: Old English 'spidder'


morpheme_key: spiel

morpheme: spiel

morpheme_head: spiel

affix_form: -spiel-

meaning_definition: play | game | sport

example_words_list_1: spielberg, spielman

example_words_corpus: spiels | spieled | spieling

categorical_group_list: Action, Recreation

etymology: From German 'Spiel' meaning 'game' or 'play', derived from Old High German 'spil'.

ancestor_etymon_language: German


morpheme_key: spigot

morpheme: spigot

morpheme_head: spigot

affix_form: -spigot-

meaning_definition: tap | valve | plug | nozzle

example_words_list_1: spigot, spigot valve, spigot tap

example_words_corpus: spigots

categorical_group_list: Tools, Fluid control

etymology: From Old English 'spīgan' meaning 'to spout, gush, or issue forth', related to the verb 'spew'.


morpheme_key: spike

morpheme: spike

morpheme_head: spike

affix_form: -spike-

meaning_definition: sharp point | sudden increase | to pierce

example_words_list_1: spike, spikes, spiked, spiky

example_words_corpus: spikes | spiker | unspike | despike | spikelet | unspikes

categorical_group_list: Shape, Motion, Action

etymology: From Latin 'spica' meaning 'ear of grain' or 'sharp point', referring to the pointed tip of a grain stalk.


morpheme_key: spill

morpheme: spill

morpheme_head: spill

affix_form: -spill-

meaning_definition: to flow out | to overflow | to lose liquid by accident

example_words_list_1: spill, spilling, spilled, spillage

example_words_corpus: spills | spilly | spiller | spilling | spillway | spillers

categorical_group_list: Motion, Liquid, Accident

etymology: From Old English spillan 'to destroy, waste', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch spillen and German spielen 'to play'.


morpheme_key: spine

morpheme: spine

morpheme_head: spine

affix_form: -spine-

allomorphs: spino

sense_label: vertebral column

meaning_definition: vertebral column | backbone | central support

example_words_list_1: spineless, spinal, spinous

example_words_corpus: spines | spined | spinely | despine | despines | despined

categorical_group_list: Anatomy, Sharpness, Structure

etymology: Latin 'spina' meaning 'thorn' or 'backbone'


morpheme_key: spir

morpheme: spir

morpheme_head: spir

affix_form: spir-

sense_label: breathe

meaning_definition: respiration | vital air | existence | essence

example_words_list_1: spirit, inspire, respiration, spiritus, perspire

categorical_group_list: Vitality, Motion, Breath

ancestor_etymon: spir

etymology: Latin spirare 'to breathe'


affix_form: -spir-

sense_label: coil, spiral

meaning_definition: twist | helix

example_words_list_1: acrospire, aspirin, leptospirosis, spiral, spire, spirea, spireme, spiriferous, spirillum, spirochete, spirogyra

categorical_group_list: Motion, Shape, Biology


morpheme_key: spiral

morpheme: spiral

morpheme_head: spiral

affix_form: -spiral-

meaning_definition: winding | twisting | coiled | circular

example_words_list_1: spiral, spirograph, spiraled

example_words_corpus: inspirals | spiralians | bispiraled | spiralizes | spiralized | spiralings

categorical_group_list: Shape, Motion, Geometry

etymology: From Latin spiralis, from spirare 'to breathe, blow'


morpheme_key: spirit

morpheme: spirit

morpheme_head: spirit

affix_form: -spirit-

meaning_definition: soul | essence | ghost | breath

example_words_list_1: spiritual, spirituality, spiritless

example_words_corpus: spirits | spirity | spirited | dispirit | inspirit | unspirit

categorical_group_list: Essence, Vitality, Supernatural

etymology: Latin spiritus 'breath, soul', from spirare 'to breathe'


morpheme_key: spiro

morpheme: spiro

morpheme_head: spiro

affix_form: spiro-

parts_of_speech_this_morpheme_can_join_onto: various

meaning_definition: to inhale and exhale | the process of breathing

example_words_list_1: aspire | conspire | expire | inspire | perspire | respiration | spirit | transpire | spirograph | spirogram

example_words_corpus: buspirone | spirogram | spiroatom | spirograph | spirometry | spiroketal

categorical_group_list: Vitality, Biological process

ancestor_etymon: spīrāre  OED

etymology: Latin spīrāre 'to breathe'